Grinding and polishing machine



5 Sheets--Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

P.N.GARDNER; GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541,349. Patented June 18, 1895.

mgnoams PEIERS co. Pum'oumq, wAsHmsTou. u. c.

(Na Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v F. N. GARDNER. I GRINDINGAND POLISHING MACIEIINE PatentedJune 18,1895.

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m w Q Q R m QM. I V I M x r I 4 5 1 z I Z 4 i 4 r (No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3. P. N. GARDNER.-

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE. No. 541,349. Patented June 18, 1895.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

P N. GARDNER. GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541,349. Patented June 18. 1895.

(No Model.\ 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

P., N. GARDNER. GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541 349. Patented June 18, 1895.

2 ohms wnsm co, won'ouwo, wunmcnou U ITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK N. GARDNER, OF BELOIT, \VISCONSIN, A SSIGNOR TO CHARLES H.

' BESLY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

I SPECIFICATIQH forming part of Letters 'Patent No. 541,349, dated June18, 1895.

Application filed January 21, I 893. Serial No. 459,111. (No modcll Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK N. GARD- NER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Beloit, in the county of Rock and State oflVisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inGrinding and Polishing Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of my invention generally stated,

I0 is to provide an efficient and highly serviceable grinding andpolishing machine adapted for each and all of the various and variedreqnireinents of general service,and capable of accurately grinding downor polishing olf different kinds and szes of work.

Various other objects and advantages involved are hereinafter morespecifically set forth in detail.

\Vith reference to certain prominent characteristics and features ofimprovement in a grindinginachine characterized by my invention, themachine is provided with a pair of oppositely arranged abrading wheelsor disks, and with a couple of work-tables one for each wheel or disk,in which way, the work-tables can be adapted or adjusted either fordifferent pieces of work, or for differently positioning one piece ofwork with relation to the angle at which it is to be ground. One tableis particularly adapted for adjustment at a permanent right angle withthe flat abrading side of one of the disks, and is supported to swing soas to carry the Work across the same. To insure permanent accuracy ofrelative movement, said table swings about the axis of an arbor arrangedparallelwith a countershaft or spindle on which the abrading disk ismounted. For some purposes the arbor may rock so as to permit the tableto swing, but as a preferred arrangement it is lixed, and is providedwith an oscillatory box or hearing from which the table is supported.The said oscillatory box or hearing is also made dust proof so as toprevent the fine dust which wears from the abrading wheel, and work,from finding its way between the bearing and arbor. The provision of aswinging table permits the table to be swung with ease, owing to theattainable leverage, and the provision ofan oscillatoryor rockingsupport for the table insures uniformity of wear and a much longerperiod of true work than could be attained by any arrangement of tablehaving a sliding connection with a base support.

The arbor provides a highly advantageous support for both tables and tosuch end is positioned below and parallel with the countershaft,whereby, both tables if so desired can be swung about a fixed axis whichis main- 6o tained accurately parallel with the axis of thecounter-shaft.

Asa further provision for different kinds of work, one of the tables isadapted for various adjustments relatively to its allotted abradingwheel or disk, and certain special means are provided for adjusting thesame in height.

The abrading wheels or ,disks are preferably reversibly attached to thecounter-shaft and have each a pair of oppositely arranged flat abradingsides, by which arrangement, each disk can be reversed so as to permitboth'of its sides to be utilized. Special means are also provided foraccurately and reinovably securing the abrading disks upon thecounter-shaft. The great rapidity with which the counter-shaft revolves,necessarily causes wear, and in order to take up such wear, one or bothof its allotted boxes are adjustable diametrically and are also in partadjustable longitudinally.

Various details and arrangements involved in the foregoing will be bestunderstood by reference to the accompanying drawings, iii which- Figure1 represents in elevation a grinding and polishing machine embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a section on a largerscale, taken centrally througha portion of the machine on 0 a plane coincident with the axes of thecounter-shaft and arbor,-as indicated by line y yin Fig. 6, the greaterportion of each abradingdisk being broken away for convenience ofillustration, and for like reason the work-ta- 5 bles are not shown.Fig. 3 is a vertical section through one of the work-tables and meansfor supporting and raising and lowering the same on a plane indicated byline 00a; in Fig.1. Fig. 4 is a like section through the other table and[CO its support on a plane indicated by line z z in Fig. 1. Fig. 5represents in elevation one of the tables provided with a sliding top.Fig. 6 represents a portion of the machine in elevation and mainlyillustrates a portion of. one of the flat abrading sides of the disk 0and the table F, with means for supporting and raising and lowering it.Fig. 7 shows in elevation the devices of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a sectionthrough the table-standard K, supporting-box, and screw on line 2' z inFig. 6. Fig. 9 is a face view of the central portion of one of theabrading-disks, and Fig. 10 is a section taken transversely through thesame. Fig. 11 represents the head R in side elevation, and Fig. 12 isa-front end view of the same. Figs. 13 and 14 represent the cap-screw S,respectively, in side and front end elevation. Fig. 15 illustrates oneof the split sleeves or bushings Q.

The spindle or counter-shaft A is provided with a pair of oppositelyarranged grinding and polishing or abrading disks B, and O, and ismounted at the upper portion of the head D. The work holding tables Eand F are arranged for service respectively in conjunction with one andthe other of the two abrading disks, and are supported upon a spindle orarbor G which is positioned below and parallel with the counter-shaftand preferably extended through the baseor lower portion of the head.The table E is arranged to swing about'the axis of its supporting arborso as to permit a piece of work upon the table to be moved across theadjacent flatabrading surface of the nearest disk, and in ordertherefore to cause the work to swing in a plane which is exactlyparallel with the plane of the disk, it is necessary that the bores orbearings for the counter-shaft and the arbor should be formed accuratelyand perfectly parallel with one another so as to insure a condition ofperfeet parallelism between the axes of the arbor and the counter-shaft.For the broader purposes of this portion of my invention, the arbor Gcan be either rotary so as to turn with the-table, or fixed so as tonecessitate an independent movement on the part of the table, whichlatter, will in both of such cases, swing about the axis of the arbor.As a matter of further improvement however, the arbor G is fixed, andthe table E is supported so as to swing upon the same. To such endtherefore, the table is carried by a vibratory arm 1 which is arrangedto swing upon the stationary arbor. The freedom with which said arm ispermitted to swing can be regulated, and for 'such purpose the arm isprovided with an adjustable box or hearing 2 which turns upon the arborand which can be contracted thereon and loosened at will. As a simpleand compact construction of box, the table supporting arm is provided atits inner end with a hub or sleeve which is split as at 3 (Figs; 4 and7) and contracted or loosened by adjusting screws 4, whereof one isshown in Fig. 7. The box thus constructed is provided with an oiler H,and desirably with suitable packing 5 arranged between the opposingsides of its divided portion so. as to effectively exclude dust fromentering by way of the split. To effectively exclude dust from enteringthe box by way of its inner ends, and to provide bearings for said ends,the arbor is provided with caps I arranged opposite the ends of the boxand provided with annular flange portions 6 which lap the cylindric endsof the box as best shown in Fig. 2, wherein said ends of the box areprovided with packing rings 7, which in conjunction with the flanged endcaps I provide effective dust guards.

In order to place the table E with its top surface at a right angle withthe vertical abrading surface of the disk the table is adjustablysecured upon the swinging arm E, and to such end the table is providedwith a short leg or base 8 which is secured to the arm by a screw 9arranged to pass through a slot 10 in the base or leg portion ofthetable. This arrangement also permits the table to be adjusted inheight, but is of particular service as a means for accurately placingthe plane of the table top at a right angle with the plane of theabrading disk. The table is also provided with a rib or abutment 11arranged to form a guide or rest for the work and positioned so as toprovide a wall12 (Fig. 7) which is transversely at a right angle withthe plane of thetable, and longitudinally at a right angle with theabrading surface of the disk, by which arrangement, the top surface 13,of the table, the side 12 of the rib or abutment, and the verticalabrading surface of the disk represent three sides of a cube, no

matter to what extent the table may be swung across the disk. By sucharrangement, the work can be accurately ground down with ease andexpedition, and by pivotally sup porting the table, as aforesaid, thepivotal joint or connection can be efiectively protected from the fineemery or like dust which wears off the disk'during use. The true andaccurate adjustment made at the start, as hereinbefore described willalso be maintained for a practically indefinite period, since suchslight wear as may be incident to the movement of the table supportingbox upon the arbor will be uniformly distributed along the bearingsurfaces and can when so needed be accurately taken up bycontracti'ngthe box or by adjusting one of the end caps along the arbor as may berequired.

The table F is capable of several adjustments with reference to itsallotted grinding disk 0, and to such end is supported and arranged asfollows:The table is adapted for tilting adjustment and for such purposeis provided with a short supporting leg let which is attached to an armor standard K by a pivot ICC) 15 which can for example be a screw or abolt this pivot for the table is arranged parallel with the planeof theabrading disk 0, whereby the table can be tilted to any desired-anglewith the fiat abrading side of the disk, and to permit the top surfaceof the table to be set close to the disk when the table is ad justed toincline upwardly toward the same, the edge of the table nearest the diskis beveled as at 16, Fig. 1. w

The standard K is supported for sliding adjustment upon a box or bearingL which is secured upon the arbor G and to such end the standard is madeT-shape in'cross-section and fitted to work through a guide way formedby a groove in the box L and cleats 17 which are bolted to the box andarranged to lap the edge portions 18 of the standard.

The box L is acljustably held upon the arbor and for such purpose issplit longitudinally at 19 and provided with clamping screws 20, wherebyit can be tightened or loosened upon the arbor as may be desired. Byproperly loosening the screws 20, the box can be so held upon the arboras to allow the table to be swung back and forth across the side of thedisk,-or swung to a desired angle and there secured by tightening up thescrews. Such arrangement also permits the adjustment of the box alongthe arbor, so as to vary the distance between the table and the abradingdisk.

The sliding standard can be adjusted so as to raise and lower the table,by turning a hand wheel M, which operates as a nut for raising andlowering a screw N arranged to extend up through the box L. The hub ofthe handwheel could directly engage the screw but as a preferredarrangement an internally threaded sleeve 21 is driven within the hub ofthe handwheel so as to provide a proper-bushing which is threaded so asto engage the screw. This bushing is further held in rigid engagementwith the hand-wheel by a nut 22, and is extended above the hand-wheel soas to fit and work within a bearing 23 which is rigid with the slidingstandard K, and which is arranged between the hand-wheel, and a head orshoulder 24 on the upper end of the sleeve or bushing. The screw N isthreaded upwardly from its lower end for a portion of its length, andhas its upper end portion unthreaded and formed with a flattened side25. The box L is also provided with a binding screw 26, or like stop,which can be adjusted so as to engage and bind against the flat side ofthe screw and thereby hold the latter in rigid connection with the box.When therefore the screw is thus held rigid with the box, the tablestandard can be raised or lowered by turning the hand-wheel which has aswivel connection with the standard and which will work up or down uponthe screw, according to the direction in which the hand-wheel is turned,it being observed that the swivel connection between the hand wheel andsliding table standard is provided by the bearing 23 wherein the sleeveor bushing 21 is free to turn. By turning the hand-wheel, the table Fcan be adjusted in height with great nicety, but should justment of suchmember, the screw 26 can be loosened so asto permit the attendant tosimply push down the table and slideor raise the same by an up pull, inwhich case the screw N will move with the table and sliding standard.

Either of the tables hereinbefore described can be adapted forprojection toward the front or rear of the machine independently oftheir aforesaid supports, but as a preferred arrangement the table F isadapted for such purpose, and as a simple way, a dovetail guide 27 (Fig.5) is applied upon the table which then becomes a base for a sliding top28 which is grooved to receive the dovetail guide.

The guide or sliding top can be in the nature of a removable attachment,and to such end the top 29 of the table proper is provided with openings30 for bolts 31 (Fig. 5) employed to removably secure the guide 27 onthe table.

In using the machine, either table can be swung so as to carry the workacross the abrading face of the nearest disk, but desirably, the table Ewhich is set at a right angle with the plane of the disk 13 is used as aswinging table, while on the other hand, the box L can be tightlysecured upon the arbor, leaving the table F which is supported from saidbox for compound or'sitnple adjustment as'may be required by the natureof the work.

The bearings or boxes P for the spindle or counter-shaft are separatedso as to provide space for the spindle-pulley 32 which is arranged uponthe counter-shaft at a point between the opposing ends of the boxes.These boxes may be integral with or be made separate from and secured tothe head D, and each box is split longitudinally as at 33 so as to adaptit for expansion and contraction as may be required, the diametricadjustment of the box in this respect being attained by the use ofadjusting screws 34: engaging in lugs 35 upon the box.

Each box contains a longitudinally split sleeve or bushing Q which isadapted to provide a suitable bearing surface for the counter shaft. Theopposing ends of these sleeves or bushings provide end bearings for thespindle pulley 32, and as a means for taking up wear, either box can beloosened upon its allotted sleeve or bushing and the latter thenadjusted endwise to a proper extent. In practice it will generally besufficient to thus adjust but one of the sleeves or bushings,

and as a simple device for such purpose, each of the boxes is providedwith an adjusting screw 37 which fits a threaded bearing on the box butalso lies to some extent within a longitudinal groove in the adjacentsleeve or bushing so as to hold the latter against rotation. The head ofthe screw projects out from the end of the box and engages an end of thesleeve or bushing, so that by properly turning the screw, the bushingwill be forced toward the pulley.

For the purposes of the foregoing described matters of improvement, thegrinding and able flat abrading sides, and said disks can also besecured to the counter-shaft in any suitable manner.

As matters of further improvement the counter shaft is provided at eachend portion with a bore adapted to receive the stem 38 of a head R towhich one of the abrading disks is attached. The stem 38 of the head isthreaded for a portion of its length and is screwed into a threadedportion 39 of said bore, as in Fig. 2. with an axially arranged borewhich extends through its stem and which is enlarged along its outer endportion so as to form a shoulder 40 within the head, and also provideasocket 41 which is threaded for the reception of a short screw 42 whichforms the stem of a capplate or cap-screw S employed asa means forclamping the disk upon the rotary head. The counter-shaft is also boredfrom the base 39 so as to form a smaller threaded bore portion 43 whichis threaded the reverse of the thread of the bore or socket 39 and whichreceives the threaded portion of a long safety screw T, is threaded thereverse of the thread of the stem 38 and arranged to extend through thesmall bore-portion in the stem 38. By such arrangement, the head of thescrew can be tightened against the shoulder 40 within the head and whenthe machine is suddenly stopped, the head which carries the grindingwheel will be eifectively locked against movement independent of thecounter-shaft, it being observed that without this safety device themomentum of the wheel and head would tend to turn the head upon thesudden stoppage of the machine. The abrading disk has each ofitsopposite sides provided with a centrally arranged circular seat orrecess 44 adapted with reference to the head Rso that said head can fitwithin either of said seats. The disk is also provided with an opening45 for a portion 38 of the head R and with holes 46 for studs 47 whichproject from the head. The cap'plate or fiat head of the capscrew S isalso adapted to fit within either of the said seats 44 and hence whenthe disk is applied so as to receive the head within one of its seats orrecesses and also receive the studs in its holes, as aforesaid, thescrew 42 can be turned into the threaded bore portion 41 on the headuntil the fiat head of screw S is received in the opposite seat in thedisk and tightened up against the disk. By such arrangement the disk canbe readily reversed, so that after one side becomes worn, the disk canbe removed and then replaced with its unworn side next to the table.Both disks are shown attached in said way, and hence a description ofone will serve for both.

As an exceedingly practical and convenient way of using the foregoingdescribed machine, the table E can be fixed upon its supporting arm orstandard 1 so as to place its The head is also provided.

top surface at an exact right angle with the nearest vertical abradingside of disk B, while the table F can be readily adjusted from time totime with reference to the nearest vertical abrading side of the disk 0,as may be required.

The disks may be of any suitable abrading material, but in practice Iprovide disks having their fiat sides grooved and covered with emerycloth or like abradent which is held upon the disk by an intermediatelayer of glue-or cement as set forth in my applications for LettersPatent of the'United States, filed October 26, 1891, and August 13,1892, it being understood that while I prefer to shape the abradingsurface in accordance with the grooved surface of the wheel, the termflat abrading side of the disk as herein employed comprehends sucharrangement since such surface is generally flat in contradistinction tothe cylindric surface of an abrading wheel.

The foregoing described feature of the split box containing a bushingwhich is adjustable longitudinally and which is split so as to partakeof the diametric adjustment of the box, is of especial service in theparticular machine herein described, but I can also use such device inother machines for a similar purpose.

WVhat I claim as my invention is 1. A grinding and polishing machinecomprising a rotary abrading disk, a work-table arranged for movementalongside the flat abrading side of the disk, a box having an arm bywhich the table is adjustably supported, an arbor upon which the box isarranged to oscillate, said arbor being fixed at right angles to theplane of the abrading disk and caps-adapted and applied to provide endbearings and dust guards for the oscillatory box substantially asdescribed.

2. A grinding and polishing machine con1- prising a rotary abradingdisk, a box 2 arranged to oscillate upon an arborand adapted forcontraction and expansion thereon, said arbor being fixed at rightangles to the plane of the abrading disk caps I lapping the ends of theoscillatory box, and a work table adjnstably supported from theoscillatory box and arranged to swing alongside the flat abrading sideof the disk, substantially as described.

3. In a grinding and polishing machine, a counter-shaft bored as at 39and counter-bored as at 43, a head having a stem provided with screwthreads adapted to engage those of the bore 39, a reversible abradingdisk fitted upon the head and secured thereto by a cap-screw S, andascrew T extending through the stem of the head and engaging in thecounter-bore 43 in the counter-shaft, the screw T and stem 38 beingthreaded in opposite directions to prevent turning the said head beingbored to form a socket 41 for the'cap screw, and being counter-boredback through its stem so scribed.

4. In a grinding and polishing machine, a of the disk, said arbor beingarranged at right rotary abrading disk or wheel, a tilting and angles tothe flat surface of the disk, subvertically adjustable table, and aboxsupstantially as described.

porting the table and adjustahlj clamped FREDERICK N. GARDNER. upon anarbor whereby it can be loosened so Witnesses:

as to permit the table to be swung and the CHAS. KENDALL,

work carried across the fiat abrading surface M. C. WICKMAN.

